TYPES OF CRITICISM: INDUCTIVE & JUDICIAL

TYPES OF CRITICISM:
INDUCTIVE & JUDICIAL

INTRODUCTION:

Criticism is as old as human civilization. It must have come into existence when primitive man started painting the walls of caves in the olden times. Where there is art there is criticism.

DEFINITION OF CRITICISM:

1.   “Criticism, as it was first instituted by Aristotle, was meant as a standard of judging well; the chiefest part of which is to observe those excellences which delight a reasonable reader.”– John Dryden

2.   “Criticism is a disinterested endeavor to learn and propagate the best that is known and thought of in the world, and thus to establish a current of fresh and true ideas.” – Matthew Arnold

3.   “Criticism is the art of interpreting art. It serves as an intermediary between the author and the reader by explaining the one to the other.” – Walter Pater

 TYPES OF CRITICISM:

1.      Legislative Criticism

2.      Aesthetic of Theoretical Criticism

3.      Judicial Criticism

4.      Descriptive Criticism

5.      Impressionistic Criticism

6.      Psychological Criticism

7.      Sociological Criticism

8.      Archetypal Criticism

9.      Inductive Criticism

10.    Comparative Criticism

11.    Textual or Ontological Criticism

 INDUCTIVE CRITICISM:

·      Inductive criticism discards set rules and principles in judging works of literature.

·      Inductive critic approaches literature in the spirit of pure investigation.

·      The critic examines a work of art and tries to find out the merits of the work and formulates a new critical theory based on that work.

·      Shakespeare wrote romantic comedies and innovated a new concept of comedy which was different from the concept of classical comedy.

·      Here the critic focuses more on the individual talent and genius of the author and tries to understand how the author’s works contribute towards the newness in art.

·      In inductive criticism, the laws of art are found in the practice of artists and not in set rules.

·      Inductive criticism is open hearted and romantic in its approach as it invites newness and uniqueness in the works of art.

 JUDICIAL CRITICISM:

·      Judicial criticism studies the laws of writing literature first and then examines the works of art.

·      Judicial Criticismdraws conclusions about a literary text on the basis of certain established conventions or parameters.

·      This type of criticism is very narrow and orthodox in its approach.

·      In this type of criticism, there is always the danger of ignoring the uniqueness of a text or its individual merits, simply because they don't fit in to the predetermined set of parameters.

CONCLUSION:

Hence, inductive and judicial criticism are quite opposite, the former is romantic and open hearted and the latter is classical and orthodox in its approach. Inductive critics examine the works of art, its merits without any predetermined theories and laws. But the judicial critics evaluate the works strictly on the basis of the available theories and laws as given by the former critics.